The working principle of gate valves
A gate valve is a type of valve in which the opening and closing element (the gate plate) moves up and down along the sealing surface of the valve seat, driven by a valve stem. This movement allows the valve to either open or close the flow channel through which the fluid passes. When the valve is partially open, vortices are generated on the back of the gate plate, which can cause erosion and vibration of the gate plate itself, as well as damage to the sealing surface of the valve seat. Such damage makes repairs difficult. Gate valves are generally suitable for applications where frequent opening and closing are not required, and where the gate plate needs to remain either fully open or fully closed at all times. They are not suitable for use as regulating or throttling devices. The valve body and the valve cover are usually connected using flanges. The cross-sectional shape of the valve body depends mainly on the nominal pressure: low-pressure valves have a flat cross-section, while high- and medium-pressure valves have an elliptical or circular cross-section.
The sealing ring between the gate plate and the valve seat:
The sealing surface of the wedge-shaped gate plate is inclined relative to the vertical centerline of the gate plate; this angle is known as the wedge angle. This inclination is designed to prevent the gate plate from getting stuck due to temperature changes. The typical wedge angles are 2°52’ or 5°. The higher the temperature of the medium and the larger the diameter of the valve, the larger the wedge angle should be.

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